This technology involves manufacturing a composite by intentionally oxidizing the black phosphorus (BP) surface through air exposure to make it hydrophilic, thereby inducing strong P-O-C chemical bonds with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It also maximizes electrochemical stability by forming dehydration cross-links with a binary binder.
While black phosphorus has a high theoretical capacity, it suffers from significant volume expansion of 300–500% during charge and discharge cycles. This leads to electrode pulverization and loss of electrical contact, resulting in a rapid decline in capacity.
This technology consists of synthesizing crystalline black phosphorus via a first-stage milling process, exposing it to air for 20–60 minutes to render the surface hydrophilic, and then using a second-stage milling process to form chemical bonds and cross-linked structures with carbon nanotubes. A 3D network is also achieved between electrode components using a NaCMC-PAA binary binder. Applicable to high-energy lithium-ion battery anodes, phosphorus-based sodium-ion battery anodes, and long-life EV cells, it secures interfacial bonding through a simple air-exposure process without requiring additional chemical treatments.
This technology utilizes the layered structure of CaGe2 precursors to selectively remove calcium (Ca) ions, enabling the production of two-dimensional layered Ge and Ge nanosheets with excellent exfoliation properties and a high surface area.
Conventional 3D bulk Ge suffers from rapid volume expansion of 300–400% during lithium insertion and extraction. This leads to reduced structural stability of the electrode and a rapid decline in ion storage capacity.
This technology uses CaGe2 with an Rm-3m space group as a precursor, treating it with a mixture of salts like SnCl2 and a solvent to selectively extract Ca ions, forming 2D layered Ge or Ge nanosheets. Applicable to high-capacity Li-ion battery anodes, fast-charging small batteries, and 2D semiconductor research, it mitigates electrode collapse caused by volume expansion while leveraging Ge's high theoretical capacity.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the development of technology to convert bulk materials into 2D materials through crystal structure dimension hierarchy design.
This technology is a process for recovering lithium from lithium-containing aqueous solutions. By placing a nanofiltration step before the membrane distillation step, it selectively removes divalent ions such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺—the primary causes of membrane performance degradation—while concentrating monovalent ions, including lithium.
In the process of concentrating lithium-containing brine via membrane distillation, divalent ions like calcium and magnesium often form crystals, such as CaSO₄, on the membrane surface. These crystals cause wetting, which leads to a sharp decline in distillation performance or complete process failure.
This technology utilizes a nanofiltration membrane with a divalent ion rejection rate of over 30%, a monovalent ion rejection rate of under 10%, and a permeate flux of 20–50 Lm⁻²h⁻¹ placed upstream of the distillation module to pretreat the brine. By inhibiting crystal formation within the distillation module, it enables the stable production of high-concentration lithium solutions exceeding 1,000–1,500 ppm. Applicable to facilities processing low-concentration lithium resources such as salt lake brine, geothermal brine, and seawater desalination concentrate, it provides a pathway for continuous lithium production with extended membrane cleaning cycles, eliminating the need for large-scale evaporation ponds.
This technology is a wet coating process that forms thin, uniform solid electrolyte coating films by controlling the average contact angle between the electrode active material surface and the solid electrolyte coating solution to 4–6°.
In all-solid-state batteries, poor contact between the electrode active material and the solid electrolyte often leads to high interfacial resistance and degraded cell performance. Even with wet coating attempts, side reactions with solvents have historically limited the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte.
This technology uses a dialkyl ether dispersant added to protic polar solvents like water or alcohol to lower the contact angle. By completing the process from coating solution preparation to active material mixing within 5 minutes, it suppresses side reactions while forming a solid electrolyte coating on the active material. Applicable to sulfide-based all-solid-state battery cathode composite manufacturing and sodium-based solid electrolyte coated active material production, it allows for dense interfacial coverage using only 1–8 parts by weight of electrolyte.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the development of high-performance SOFC cell manufacturing technology using high-functionality gradient-structured composite air electrodes.
This technology coats NCM metal oxide surfaces with a composite of amino-modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and conductive nanoparticles, such as CNTs, designed to transform 2D graphene sheets into a 3D carbon network structure.
High-nickel NCM cathode materials suffer from low thermal stability and are prone to forming inactive substances when reacting with residual lithium impurities in aqueous media. Conventional carbon coatings often lead to graphene sheet restacking, which hinders lithium-ion transport and fails to adequately prevent surface side reactions.
This technology controls the surface charge of rGO using amino-containing compounds to ensure aqueous dispersibility and incorporates conductive nanoparticles between rGO sheets to form a highly porous 3D carbon encapsulation layer. This layer expands lithium-ion transport paths and protects the active material surface. Applicable to high-nickel cathode coating lines transitioning to aqueous processes and cells for high-power tools and EVs, it enables conductive coating while reducing organic solvent use.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy for charge transfer materials for solution processes in high-efficiency energy components.
This technology features a sodium halide-based solid-state electrolyte with a NaaM1bM2cX6 structure, combining sodium (Na), +4 transition metals (M1) such as Ti, Zr, or Hf, and halogen elements (X) to achieve both high sodium-ion conductivity and atmospheric stability.
Conventional sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes suffer from low atmospheric stability, complicating manufacturing, while oxide-based electrolytes face issues with low ionic conductivity. Furthermore, halide-based electrolytes that utilize expensive elements like indium (In) are limited in terms of cost-effectiveness.
This technology synthesizes sodium halide-based compounds—incorporating abundant and affordable +4 transition metals like Zr—via mechanical milling-based solid-state mixing or organic solvent processes. Ionic conductivity can be further enhanced by doping with +2 or +3 metals (M2) such as Y or Fe. Applicable to sodium all-solid-state batteries aimed at reducing lithium dependency, large-scale stationary energy storage systems, and low-cost mass production lines, it offers a solution that reduces dry-room requirements while lowering raw material costs.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the development of core technologies for R2R-type high-ionic-conductivity functional solid-state electrolyte membranes.
This technology utilizes a solvothermal synthesis method with a sulfide-based solid electrolyte precursor solution applied to the lithium metal surface, directly forming a crystalline argyrodite-type solid electrolyte thin film at 150–180°C, which is below the melting point of lithium.
Lithium metal anodes are highly reactive, leading to side reactions with liquid electrolytes and unstable SEI layers. Furthermore, dendrite growth during charge/discharge cycles causes short circuits and reduced battery life. Conventional amorphous sulfide coatings suffer from low ionic conductivity, while high-temperature processes required for crystalline solid electrolytes are impractical due to the low melting point of lithium metal (approx. 180°C).
This technology involves immersing a lithium metal substrate in a reaction vessel containing Li2S, P2S5, and LiCl precursor solutions, sealing it completely, and heating it. The increased internal pressure from solvent vapor allows for the direct formation of a Li6PS5Cl crystalline solid electrolyte layer on the lithium surface at 150–180°C. It can be applied to lithium metal anode protective layers, hybrid solid-liquid batteries, and pretreatment processes for all-solid-state battery anodes, offering a distinct advantage by creating a highly ion-conductive crystalline interface without melting the lithium.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy’s Advanced Track for Rare Metal Recycling Technology in Urban Mining.
This technology features a redox flow battery structure that incorporates mixing zones with high porosity or permeability into the active material flow paths within porous electrodes. This reduces active material concentration gradients and lowers reaction overpotential.
Scaling up redox flow batteries or operating them at high current densities has historically led to non-uniform active material concentrations within porous electrodes as reactions progress. This results in increased overvoltage and reduced energy efficiency.
This technology utilizes multiple porous flow electrodes spaced apart, with empty spaces or high-porosity media acting as mixing zones between them. This ensures that the active material, having reacted while passing through an electrode, is fully mixed before entering the next. Applicable to MW-scale vanadium flow battery stacks, zinc-bromine flow batteries, and organic flow cell designs, it prevents the accumulation of voltage loss even with larger electrode areas, thereby expanding the high-current operating range.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy for the development of asymmetric composite bipolar electrodes and stack technology with integrated flow channels for zinc-bromine flow batteries.
This technology is a transparent electrode structure that forms a thin film by partially embedding an ion-exchange resin along the metal wires of a metal mesh. It maintains insulation while securing light transmission paths through the mesh pores.
Conventional transparent batteries have struggled to simultaneously satisfy flexibility and light transmittance. In particular, the separator-stacked structure within the electrode often reduces light transmittance or increases internal resistance, limiting charge-discharge performance.
This technology involves stacking a metal mesh onto a partially dried ion-exchange resin, immersing it in a hydroxide solution, and then detaching it, ensuring the thin film forms only along the metal wires while keeping the pores open. The resulting transparent electrode is used as the air cathode for zinc-air secondary batteries. It can be applied to transparent display-integrated power sources, smart windows, and flexible batteries for wearable devices, achieving an average transmittance of over 30% in the 400–700 nm visible light range without the need for a separate separator.
This technology utilizes a BiPS4 compound with an orthorhombic crystal structure, composed of bismuth (Bi), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), as an anode active material. It is composited with carbon nanotubes (CNT) to improve electrochemical reversibility and ion transport performance.
Applying conventional lithium-ion battery anode materials to sodium (Na) or potassium (K) secondary batteries has historically resulted in poor energy density and charge-discharge instability. Furthermore, conventional electrolyte systems like KPF6 have faced limitations where the active material is irreversibly consumed, leading to degraded cycle life.
This technology synthesizes tunnel-structured BiPS4 compounds via ball milling and composites them with CNTs to form electrodes. By using a potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) electrolyte, the structural reversibility of BiPS4 is maintained during charge and discharge. Applicable to low-cost, large-capacity storage systems based on potassium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, this next-generation anode material overcomes lithium resource constraints while securing both initial coulombic efficiency and cycle life.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the development of high-capacity, long-life metal thiophosphate anode materials for sodium and potassium-ion batteries through the stabilization of layered and tunnel structures.
This technology involves the hydrothermal synthesis of silane-functionalized polymers and carbon precursors, followed by heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere to produce an anode active material with Si/SiOx composites uniformly dispersed within a hard carbon matrix.
Silicon anode materials face challenges due to volume expansion of over 300% during charge and discharge cycles, leading to mechanical stress and particle degradation. This results in loss of electrical contact and high initial irreversible capacity.
This technology creates a hard carbon matrix by hydrothermally reacting silane-functionalized polymers, such as aminosilane, with carbon precursors at 80–200°C, followed by heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere to form a C-Si/SiOx composite. The hard carbon framework absorbs silicon expansion, ensuring structural stability. Applicable to high-capacity silicon-carbon composite anodes, fast-charging EV cells, and lithium-ion capacitors, this method combines silicon and carbon sources in a single hydrothermal process, reducing manufacturing steps.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning for the development of multifunctional next-generation lithium secondary battery materials with custom-designed nano-level composite structures.
This technology forms a highly stable superstructure by substituting a portion of the transition metal layer in a layered rhombohedral (R-3m) structure with lithium, maintaining the oxidation state of Mn at +4 and Ni and Co at +3.
Conventional high-capacity nickel-based cathode active materials suffer from thermal instability due to crystal structure degradation during charge and discharge cycles. This structural deterioration inherently limits the battery's cycle life.
This technology induces an Mn4+ superstructure through lithium substitution within the transition metal layer and maintains the Mn4+, Ni3+, and Co3+ oxidation states via heat treatment between 670–750℃. This superstructure, identifiable by XRD peaks at 2θ 20°–25° and TEM diffraction patterns, serves as a quality control metric. Applicable to EV batteries using >85% Ni NCM cathodes and energy storage systems exposed to high temperatures, it enhances thermal stability through internal crystal ordering without requiring additional coatings.
This technology forms a LiF-rich SEI layer on the lithium metal anode surface using an electrolyte that incorporates LiPF6, LiTFSI, and LiDFOB complex lithium salts into a mixed solvent of FEC and dialkyl carbonate at a specific volume ratio. This suppresses lithium dendrite growth and enhances anode interface stability.
Lithium metal anodes have historically faced issues with uneven lithium deposition during charging, leading to dendrite growth and battery short circuits. Furthermore, surface side reactions cause the accumulation of dead lithium and electrolyte depletion, which limits battery lifespan and energy efficiency.
This technology utilizes an electrolyte formulated with 2.7 to 3.3 parts by volume of dialkyl carbonate (such as EMC) per 1 part by volume of FEC, combined with 0.03–0.07M LiPF6, 0.75–0.95M LiTFSI, and 0.05–0.25M LiDFOB. This creates a functional SEI layer composed of organic/inorganic hybrid components like LiF, PEO, Li2CO3, Li2S, and Li3N to protect the anode. Applicable to high-energy-density lithium metal pouch cells, lightweight power sources for drones/UAM, and next-gen electrolytes, it addresses dendrite issues through electrolyte formulation alone, eliminating the need for separate anode coating processes.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the development of core technologies for high-energy-density lithium metal batteries based on the design of natural organic/inorganic composite membrane formation reactions.
This technology is a structural design that maximizes lithium-ion mobility in high-nickel cathode active materials by doping heteroatoms such as tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and tantalum (Ta) only on the particle surface, while controlling the crystal structure and primary particle aspect ratio of both the interior and surface.
While high-nickel cathode active materials offer high capacity, they suffer from crystal structure instability during repeated charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, surface side reactions have historically limited cycle life and caused a gradual decline in discharge capacity.
This technology differentiates the composition of the secondary particle's core and surface, doping heteroatoms in a concentration gradient only in the outermost 2–20% of the radius, and forming primary particles on the surface with a longer a-axis length than those in the interior. This enhances lithium-ion conductivity and induces a cation ordering structure, improving thermal stability and cycle life. Applicable to mass production of high-nickel NCM/NCA cathode precursors for EVs and high-capacity pouch cells, it allows for long-life cathode materials while limiting doping elements to the surface.
This technology involves dissolving powder, obtained by mechanically milling sulfide-based solid electrolyte raw materials, into a solvent with a polarity index of 4–6. The resulting solution is coated onto an electrode structure and heat-treated to ensure crystallinity. It features an argyrodite structure where a portion of the P-site is substituted with Ge or Sn, and the halogen element is limited to iodine (I) to enhance ionic conductivity.
Conventional sulfide-based solid electrolytes have lower ionic conductivity than organic liquid electrolytes, and their conductivity tends to drop further when subjected to wet solution processing. This has limited their application in all-solid-state battery systems.
This technology adopts a Li-P-Ge-S-I composition to adjust lattice size and induce anion disorder. By applying a coating solution—prepared by dissolving the milled reaction product in a solvent with a polarity index of 4–6—to an electrode, followed by drying at 50–180°C and heat treatment at 300–700°C, the crystallinity of the coating layer is increased by over 20% compared to its post-drying state, achieving a lithium-ion conductivity of 2×10^-4 S/cm or higher. It can be applied to the manufacturing of composite cathodes and anodes for all-solid-state batteries and to roll-to-roll large-area electrode coating lines, allowing the solid electrolyte to penetrate deep into the pores of the active material for tighter interfacial contact.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy for the development of inorganic solid electrolyte material technology for high-safety energy storage devices, aimed at realizing 0.8mS/cm-class high-ion-conductive membranes and large-area cells.
