Battery Fire Suppression Device

Battery Thermal Runaway Suppression Device Combining Electrode Electric Field Application and Downward Venting Electrolyte Discharge

This technology prevents or delays thermal runaway by applying an external electric field to the battery's top and bottom electrode plates when fire signs are detected, suppressing internal charge collisions, and rapidly discharging electrolyte via gravity through a downward-facing safety venting device.

Lithium-ion battery fires are difficult to extinguish and prone to reignition due to internal short circuits and thermal runaway. Existing extinguishing agents struggle to penetrate cells, and submersion methods render batteries unusable after suppression.

This technology suppresses internal short circuits by applying an electric field to the electrode plates and uses a downward-facing safety vent to drain electrolyte by gravity during pre-thermal runaway stages. It also includes control logic to convert stored battery energy into power for the electric field, effectively depleting it. Applicable to ESS racks, EV modules, and marine battery rooms, it mitigates fire risks using the cell's own energy without extinguishing agents or submersion, minimizing equipment damage.

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Key Features:

• A battery with both poles arranged vertically to the ground and a safety venting device facing downward
• Flat electrode plates on the top and bottom of the battery that transmit an electric field upon detection of fire signs
• A dielectric layer between the flat electrode plates and the battery to form the electric field application structure
• A control unit that applies an electric field to the plates upon fire detection and converts battery energy into power to be consumed by the electric field generation

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This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Education for the development of lithium-ion battery fire suppression technology using electric fields.

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