This technology enables the synthesis of high-purity fluorophosphate (LiMPO4F) cathode active materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries. By adding fluorine-containing organic compounds (such as PTFE or PVDF) or ammonium compounds (NH4F) to compensate for fluorine loss during high-temperature reactions, the process achieves high-purity compounds through a single-step solid-state reaction.
Conventional fluorophosphate synthesis faces challenges due to the high binding energy of LiF, which makes decomposition difficult and leads to the loss of fluorine through evaporation. This hinders the production of high-purity compounds, and existing two-step reaction methods are costly and limited in terms of commercial viability.
This technology involves mixing a lithium precursor, a metal precursor, and a phosphate precursor with a "fluorine source" (organic fluorine compounds or ammonium fluoride) at a weight ratio of 10–200% relative to the precursors. By performing a single solid-state synthesis reaction at 500–750°C, it enhances the value-added potential of lithium secondary battery cathode material applications.
This technology synthesizes high-purity binary or ternary metal fluorides through a single solid-state reaction process without the use of strong acids (HF) by mixing and heating metal precursors with fluorine-containing organic compounds (such as PTFE or PVDF).
Conventional wet precipitation methods rely on hydrofluoric acid (HF), which poses safety and environmental risks. Furthermore, these complex processes are difficult to scale for mass production and have limitations in simultaneously implementing additional properties, such as conductive carbon coating.
By using fluorine-containing polymers like PTFE or PVDF as a fluorine source, this technology involves mixing them with metal precursors and heating the mixture between 450°C and 750°C, making it highly effective for improving the efficiency of the manufacturing process for lithium secondary battery cathode materials.
This technology involves forming polymer-metal oxide composite fibers through an electrospinning process, followed by reduction and oxidation heat treatment (inducing the Kirkendall effect) to create internal voids within the metal oxide particles, which are then uniformly dispersed within a carbon support.
When using metal oxides as secondary battery electrode materials, there have been issues with structural instability, particle aggregation, and degraded electrical properties caused by rapid volume expansion during charge and discharge cycles.
By introducing a hollow structure within the metal oxide particles, this technology accommodates the mechanical stress caused by volume expansion during charging and discharging. Furthermore, the surrounding carbon support prevents particle aggregation, maintaining structural stability and electrical performance, thereby providing a distinct competitive advantage in the secondary battery market.
This technology leverages the high permeability and wettability of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) to uniformly adsorb carbon precursors onto the surfaces and pores of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) particles. Subsequent calcination ensures excellent electrical conductivity and charge-discharge performance, even with a low carbon content.
LiFePO4 inherently suffers from low electrical conductivity and slow lithium-ion diffusion, which degrades performance. Conventional wet coating methods struggle to achieve uniform carbon coverage, often leading to reduced process efficiency due to excessive carbon usage, the generation of environmental pollutants, and particle agglomeration.
By dissolving carbon precursors in supercritical carbon dioxide to create a "carbon-containing CO2 fluid," this technology allows for uniform adsorption into even the finest pores of LiFePO4 particles. The particles are then calcined in a reducing atmosphere at 200–800°C to form a crystalline carbon coating layer, which is expected to overcome the limitations of existing materials when applied to secondary batteries.
This technology involves forming a thin film by alternately layering transition metal oxide nanoparticles and monomolecular compounds, then injecting conductive metal particles directly into the film via a sputtering process to reduce internal resistance and improve charge mobility.
While transition metal oxides offer high theoretical capacity, their low electrical conductivity leads to slow charge/discharge rates and stability issues caused by volume expansion during reactions with lithium ions. Conventional methods of mixing with carbon materials are complex, difficult to scale for large areas, and reduce energy density due to increased weight.
This technology uses monomolecular compounds (such as TREN) to anchor transition metal oxide nanoparticles (such as Fe3O4 and MnO2) onto a substrate. After forming the thin film, highly conductive metal particles (such as Pt, Au, and Ag) are introduced into the film via sputtering. This creates electrical pathways and maintains structural stability, effectively enhancing the commercial competitiveness of secondary batteries.
This technology optimizes battery thermal management by combining oscillating heat pipes to mitigate temperature gradients between hot and cold spots on the battery surface with phase-change material (PCM) capsules that act as thermal buffers, along with a carbon fiber/nanotube-based heat transfer layer.
High-energy density batteries have historically suffered from performance degradation and reduced reliability due to localized heating during charge and discharge cycles, which creates significant temperature variations and hotspots within the cells.
This technology utilizes oscillating heat pipes to redistribute heat from high-temperature areas to cooler regions, incorporates PCM capsules mixed with polyurethane filler (including a carbon fiber/nanotube heat transfer layer) as a thermal buffer, and stacks a refrigerant-based roll-bond heat exchanger on the exterior. By achieving energy-efficient cooling and uniform temperature distribution, it can be applied to improve the stability and lifespan of battery thermal management and safety systems.
This technology suppresses lithium polysulfide shuttling and improves conductivity by forming metal sulfides within a porous carbon structure and loading sulfur into the mesopores created by selectively etching metal nanoparticles.
Existing challenges included the low conductivity of sulfur, battery performance degradation due to lithium polysulfide dissolution (shuttling), and limited sulfur loading capacity caused by the structural limitations of conventional porous carbon materials.
By proposing a step-by-step manufacturing process (precursor synthesis → carbonization → sulfurization → etching → sulfur synthesis)—which involves sulfurizing a metal-carbon composite and then removing residual metal particles with an acidic solution to secure mesopores for sulfur loading—this technology offers a practical solution for developing next-generation lithium secondary battery cathode materials.
This technology is a separator for electrochemical devices that improves electrolyte wettability and ion conductivity while maintaining the mechanical properties and porosity of the paper. It is achieved by forming a composite thin film through the sequential coating of hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers onto the surface of a porous paper substrate made of cellulose fibers.
Conventional PP/PE separators have limited ion mobility due to low electrolyte wettability caused by their hydrophobic nature. Furthermore, the surfactant treatment methods used to overcome this have limitations in versatility when applied to various electrolytes.
This technology offers a differentiated technical advantage in the secondary battery electrolyte market. It forms a multi-layered composite thin film by either sequentially coating an amine-containing polymer (first layer) and a carboxyl-containing polymer (second layer) onto the cellulose fibers followed by heat treatment to form amide bonds, or by utilizing electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged fluorinated polymers for self-assembled coating.
This technology involves the hybridization of 1D CuGeO3 nanowires grown on a 2D graphene sheet in a specific crystallographic orientation (zigzag arrangement with a 55–65° tilt angle). In particular, it utilizes hydrogen reduction heat treatment to induce oxygen vacancies on the surface, maximizing the triple-phase boundary effect at the 1D/2D heterointerface.
Existing catalysts for lithium-air batteries suffer from high manufacturing costs due to the use of precious metals (such as Pt) and complex synthesis processes. Furthermore, they struggle to effectively reduce the overpotential gap between the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), leading to poor energy efficiency and performance degradation caused by the accumulation of discharge products (Li2O2) on the electrode surface.
This technology enables the fabrication of a composite in which 1D CuGeO3 nanowires are regularly arranged on a graphene sheet via hydrothermal synthesis using GeO2 and Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O. When applied as an electrochemical catalyst, it contributes to process simplification and cost reduction.
This technology maximizes the catalytically active surface area by designing single-crystal NiS2 (nickel sulfide) nanosheets with exposed {200} facets in a two-dimensional structure to enhance the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) efficiency of lithium-air battery cathodes.
Conventional lithium-air batteries suffer from low energy efficiency due to a high overpotential gap between ORR and OER, and the high manufacturing costs of noble metal catalysts, such as platinum (Pt), used to address this issue have hindered commercialization.
By reacting Ni(OH)2 nanosheet precursors, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, with sulfur (S) powder through solid/gas-phase reactions, this technology produces structurally controlled single-crystal NiS2 nanosheets with exposed {200} facets. This ensures high activity, high stability, and low cost, providing a practical advantage in securing commercial competitiveness for lithium secondary battery cathode materials.
This technology determines whether to perform balancing based on the standard deviation of the charge levels of all cells within a battery cell module. It calculates an optimized balancing time by determining a target 'balancing charge (Q_b)' that accounts for the charge levels of all cells and the charge transfer efficiency of the circuit.
Conventional balancing techniques typically rely on repetitive charge transfer from the highest cell to the lowest, resulting in low efficiency and significant time requirements to resolve imbalances across multiple cells.
By measuring and sorting the charge levels of all battery cells and calculating a specific target balancing charge (Q_b), this technology provides a distinct competitive advantage in the battery management system market.
This technology improves ionic conductivity by modifying the ends of polyethylene oxide (PEO) blocks with sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) or sulfonic acid metal salt groups (-SO3M), thereby controlling the interactions and nanostructures (specifically the gyroid structure) of the block copolymer.
Existing PEO-based block copolymers have faced challenges where controlling nanostructures through changes in block type or molecular weight could unintentionally have a negative impact on ion diffusion constants and conductivity.
By modifying the PEO block ends of the block copolymer with -SO3H or -SO3M (where M is an alkali metal ion), this technology can be utilized to reliably secure the properties required for secondary battery electrolytes.
This technology utilizes a block copolymer containing polydithiooxamide (PDTOA) and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide (PEO) blocks. By inducing hydrogen bonding between the thioamide functional groups of the PDTOA and the lithium salt anions, it restricts anion diffusion and enhances the lithium-ion transference number.
Conventional PEO-based polymer electrolytes suffer from low mechanical strength and concentration polarization caused by the free movement of anions within the electrolyte, which limits the charge/discharge rates of lithium-ion batteries.
By designing a block copolymer (PEO-b-PDTOA) with a nanostructured (lamellar) morphology containing PDTOA blocks, this technology is ideal for simultaneously improving the reliability and efficiency of secondary battery electrolytes.
This technology involves adjusting the stoichiometric composition of lithium manganese spinel structures by maintaining manganese content while increasing lithium content and regulating transition metal (e.g., Ni) levels to maintain charge neutrality. By doing so, it suppresses oxygen deficiency to prevent the formation of Mn3+, induces local disordering within the structure, and forms a layered (Li2MnO3) composite to enhance electrochemical performance and cycle life.
Conventional spinel-type lithium manganese oxide (LMO) suffers from capacity degradation due to manganese ion dissolution into the electrolyte during high-temperature storage, as well as inherently low capacity. Furthermore, existing ordered structures are prone to dissolution issues caused by Mn3+ content, and alternative methods like layered-spinel composite synthesis (e.g., co-precipitation) are limited by complex processes and high costs.
This technology utilizes a solid-state reaction method, in which lithium, manganese, and transition metal precursors are mixed and calcined at 800–900°C, followed by natural cooling, re-pelletization, and re-annealing at 600–700°C for 48–72 hours. This approach improves the performance of lithium secondary battery cathode materials while increasing their commercial viability.
This technology utilizes sulfur-containing porous organic crystals (such as TTCA) as a soft template. By subjecting the internal pores and thiol groups to a vulcanization reaction with elemental sulfur, a composite structure with bonded polysulfanes is formed, which suppresses sulfur leaching and enhances lithium-ion conductivity.
Conventional lithium-sulfur batteries have faced challenges including the low electrical conductivity of sulfur in the cathode, capacity degradation caused by the shuttle mechanism of soluble polysulfides generated during charge/discharge cycles, and sharp performance drops during high-speed charging and discharging.
This technology involves manufacturing a cathode active material where linear polysulfanes (5–7 sulfur atoms) are chemically bonded within a TTCA structure. This is achieved by using trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA) crystals as a template, filling them with sulfur at 160°C, and performing a vulcanization reaction at 220°C or higher. By blocking the external leaching of polysulfides, this method can be used to improve both the quality and productivity of cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries.
