Biomimetic modular artificial muscle and control system using the same

Biomimetic Modular Artificial Muscle

This technology is an artificial muscle control system that applies a catalytic coating to shape-memory alloy (SMA) wires and drives them by generating heat through the catalytic combustion of chemical fuel instead of electrical heating. Fuel supply is controlled via an electromagnetic valve module, and mechanical movement is performed by inducing shape changes in the cantilever-type wire based on signals from a microcontroller.

Conventional SMA-based artificial muscles use Joule heating, which leads to high power consumption and stability issues related to electrical current usage. Furthermore, they are limited in their ability to perform diverse movements due to the short stroke of linear actuation and the lack of integrated fuel storage and precision control systems.

This technology integrates a shape-memory alloy wire coated with platinum black and carbon nanotubes, methanol fuel for chemical heating, and an electromagnetic valve module into a single unit. Upon receiving a pin signal from the control unit, the valve opens to trigger a chemical combustion reaction, which straightens the curved wire to actuate terminal devices such as artificial fingers. Applicable to industrial robots and automation systems, it utilizes chemical power and signal control within an integrated module, improving the stability and efficiency of artificial muscle operation through microcontroller-based control.

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Key Features:

• Artificial muscle unit where the shape-memory alloy wire passes through both sides of the substrate, with both ends protruding.
• Electromagnetic valve module that opens and closes the valve using electromagnetic force, including a coil and magnet.
• Actuation structure where the wire is bent to a predetermined curvature to move an artificial finger.
• Control system including a receiver that receives pin signals from muscles or nerves via a control unit.

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This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for the localization of smart electronically controlled lower-limb prosthetics and core components for patients with bilateral lower-limb amputations.