Cathode for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Manufacturing Method Thereof, and Lithium-Sulfur Battery Comprising the Same

Freestanding Lithium-Sulfur Cathode Utilizing WO3/ZrO2 Solid Acid Catalyst for Polysulfide Adsorption

This technology incorporates a WO3/ZrO2 composite that acts as an acid catalyst within the lithium-sulfur battery cathode, promoting the activation of sulfur-containing materials and inhibiting the dissolution of lithium polysulfides generated during charge and discharge cycles into the electrolyte.

Lithium-sulfur batteries have historically faced challenges such as low utilization of sulfur as a cathode active material and reduced lifespan due to the loss of cathode material as intermediate lithium polysulfides dissolve into the organic electrolyte. Additionally, the low electrical conductivity of sulfur has limited performance in low-temperature environments.

This technology produces a freestanding film by mixing an acid catalyst—with a WO3 to ZrO2 metal molar ratio of 2.5:7.5 to 3.5:6.5—with cathode active materials and carbon, followed by compression molding. The catalyst is designed to adsorb polysulfides through Lewis acid-base interactions and mediate sulfur redox reactions. Suitable for lightweight, current-collector-free lithium-sulfur pouch cells, wearable power sources, and portable equipment for cold climates, it enhances sulfur utilization and increases practical capacity even at low temperatures.

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Key Features:

• WO3/ZrO2 composite that simultaneously acts as a catalyst for sulfur-containing material activation and as a polysulfide adsorbent
• Acid catalyst with a WO3 to ZrO2 metal molar ratio adjusted between 2.5:7.5 and 3.5:6.5
• Sulfur-containing material comprising Li2S, which may further include S8 or sulfurized polymers
• Step of forming a freestanding film cathode by placing a mixture of the acid catalyst, carbon material, and sulfur-containing material into a mold and applying pressure

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