3D structured electrode and metal battery comprising the same

Dendrite-suppressing anode inducing bottom-up lithium electrodeposition using a 3D silicon lattice with conductivity gradients

This technology creates a highly conductive active material layer composed of a first silicon-based active material and carbon on an anode current collector. By placing a 3D lattice structure of a second silicon-based active material with relatively lower electrical conductivity on top, it directs charging current to the bottom of the pores, inducing uniform nucleation and vertical growth of lithium.

Lithium metal anodes have historically faced issues with dendrite growth and volume expansion due to uneven current density during charging and discharging. These limitations have increased the risk of fire and explosion while shortening battery lifespan.

This technology is designed so that the electrical conductivity of the active material layer is 60 to 80 times higher than that of the 3D lattice structure, ensuring that lithium ions are deposited sequentially from the surface of the active material layer at the bottom of the pores upward. Additionally, silicon nanoparticles provide lithiophilic sites, enhancing both the uniformity and reversibility of lithium deposition. Applicable to high-energy-density metal batteries and lightweight cells for drones and electric aircraft, this technology reduces fire risks associated with dendrite growth and absorbs volume changes during cycling within the lattice's internal space.

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Key Features:

• A silicon-carbon active material layer formed on a current collector with an electrical conductivity 60 to 80 times higher than that of the 3D structure
• A 3D structure based on a second silicon-based active material, disposed on the active material layer, featuring a lattice-shaped planar geometry and a defined height
• A 3D lattice structure where the long axis of the pores within the lattice is 1 to 280 μm and the height is less than 300 μm
• A step of forming a 3D structure by printing an ink containing a second silicon-based active material onto the active material layer

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