This technology maximizes the electrochemical activity and reversibility of oxygen by diversifying the energy levels of non-hybridized oxygen states. It achieves this by introducing a lithium/transition metal (Li/TM) concentration gradient within 3D transition metal-based lithium-rich layered oxide particles to form a core-shell structure.
Conventional 3D transition metal-based lithium-rich oxides have faced limitations in achieving high capacity due to low oxygen reaction activity, structural instability, and irreversible oxygen gas evolution.
This technology provides a distinct competitive edge in the lithium-ion battery cathode market. By performing primary calcination and pulverization of different metal precursors, followed by mechanochemical reaction induction via high-energy ball milling, it creates a core-shell structure where the Li/TM ratio varies from the particle surface to the interior.
This technology utilizes the micelle structure of block copolymers to electrostatically bind and encapsulate lithium battery additives (metal salts) within the core (e.g., P2VP). This ensures uniform distribution of the additives even in carbonate-based electrolytes and promotes the formation of an ion-conductive Li3N-based SEI layer on the lithium metal surface, effectively suppressing dendrite growth.
The high reactivity of lithium metal anodes leads to dendrite formation, while the low solubility and uneven distribution of SEI-forming additives in carbonate-based electrolytes have historically limited battery lifespan and stability.
By utilizing a composition containing block copolymers such as polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine), an organic solvent, and metal salts that enhance lithium-ion conductivity (e.g., LiNO3, AgNO3, HAuCl4), this technology can be effectively used to improve the efficiency of manufacturing processes for secondary battery anode materials.
This technology involves manufacturing a lithium metal electrode by coating a porous mat structure, produced via electrospinning, with a lithium-philic metal (such as Ag), applying a binder, and then electrochemically alloying and plating lithium. This process ensures low sheet resistance and high structural stability even when stretched.
Existing lithium metal electrodes face challenges such as efficiency degradation, internal short circuits, and fire risks caused by dendrite growth during repeated charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, implementing flexible or stretchable electrodes has been hindered by increased electrical resistance and a lack of physical resilience during stretching.
This technology utilizes a stretchable copolymer-based (e.g., SBS) porous mat as a primary structure. By coating it with a lithium-philic metal like silver (Ag) and applying a binder, it secures lithium-ion transport pathways and stabilizes the structure, which can be applied to improve the stability and cycle life of secondary batteries.
This technology improves the stacking regularity of lithium and transition metal layers within the crystal structure of lithium-rich layered composite active materials. By controlling specific XRD peak intensity ratios (I(20)/I(18)≥0.1, I(22)/I(20)≥0.78) and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of superlattice peaks (020, 110) within defined ranges, it suppresses oxygen release reactions and maximizes reversible anionic redox reactions.
Conventional lithium-rich layered cathode materials suffer from high irreversible capacity due to structural instability caused by oxygen evolution during the first charge and the presence of stacking faults, which limits improvements in discharge capacity and energy density.
By using plate-like transition metal precursors to induce a regular arrangement of lithium and transition metal layers during synthesis, and performing rapid quenching after heat treatment to maintain high-temperature stable phases at room temperature, this technology maximizes the long-range order of the crystal structure. This ensures structural stability and can be utilized to reliably achieve the properties required for lithium secondary battery cathode materials.
This technology incorporates a deliquescent material into the cathode to adsorb moisture from the air, which dissolves discharge products (such as hydroxides and carbonates) to form an in-situ ion-conductive catholyte. This process reduces charge-discharge polarization and improves reversibility.
Conventional metal-air batteries suffer from performance degradation due to high polarization caused by discharge products (hydroxides, carbonates, etc.) formed by moisture and carbon dioxide in the air, or from long-term operational difficulties due to the chemical instability of liquid electrolytes.
By utilizing an air-stable solid electrolyte and incorporating deliquescent materials (such as NaOH, KOH, or CaCl2) into the cathode to ensure that adsorbed moisture dissolves discharge products, this technology offers a practical solution for developing next-generation cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries.
This technology stabilizes the atomic bonding structure in layered cathode materials by adjusting the HOMO-LUMO energy bandgap of the transition metal lattice or by mitigating vibronic coupling through doping and process control.
In layered cathode oxides, the Pseudo Jahn-Teller effect causes structural instabilities such as displacement of central atoms, bond length imbalances, and lattice rotation, which lead to capacity loss and degradation during repeated charge and discharge cycles.
This technology offers broad application potential in the research and development of lithium secondary battery cathode materials by providing a second oxide, derived from a first oxide, that features an increased HOMO-LUMO bandgap or reduced vibronic coupling strength through elemental doping.
This technology is a water-soluble binder that combines the 3D network structure of fibrin protein with the stress-relaxation properties of alginate to effectively control the volume expansion that occurs during the charge and discharge cycles of high-capacity anode active materials like silicon.
While silicon anode active materials offer high storage capacity, they suffer from shortened cycle life due to significant volume changes during charge and discharge cycles, which lead to cracking within the electrode and the delamination of the active material.
This technology utilizes a water-soluble binder—created by mixing fibrin and alginate in a weight ratio of 1:5 to 5:1 to form an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) or semi-IPN, and inducing ionic cross-linking through the addition of divalent or trivalent cations—to optimize the mechanical stiffness and stress-relaxation capabilities of the electrode. This approach is ideal for enhancing both the reliability and efficiency of secondary battery anode materials.
This technology involves coating exfoliated MXene onto the surface of metal oxide particles (e.g., MnFe2O4) to create a physical protective layer. This suppresses cracking and pulverization caused by the expansion and contraction of electrode active materials during charging and discharging, while also enhancing electrical conductivity.
Repeated charging and discharging of electrode active materials cause volume expansion and contraction, leading to mechanical stress that results in cracking, pulverization, and loss of electrical contact, which degrades long-term cycle stability and lifespan.
This technology produces a composite by exfoliating Ti3C2Tx MXene clusters, mixing them with hydrothermally synthesized metal oxide particles, stir-coating, and freeze-drying. This forms a 0.1–10 nm thick MXene layer on the metal oxide surface, securing mechanical strength and conductivity, which significantly contributes to the commercial competitiveness of secondary batteries.
This technology is a solid electrolyte material that maximizes zinc ion conductivity by introducing sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) into the pores of a porous organic polymer (POP) and substituting the protons (H+) of the sulfonic acid groups with zinc ions (Zn2+) through an ion-exchange process.
While zinc batteries offer advantages over lithium batteries in terms of raw material availability and safety, they have faced challenges due to the low conductivity of divalent zinc ions in electrolytes and a lack of research into supporting solid electrolyte materials.
By utilizing multi-post-synthetic functionalization to introduce high-density sulfonic acid groups into the porous organic polymer structure and reacting them with an aqueous zinc salt solution for ion exchange, this technology produces a high-performance zinc ion conductor (a secondary porous organic polymer). This can be applied to secondary battery electrolytes, contributing to process simplification and cost reduction.
This technology is a continuous process system based on Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) that selectively extracts lithium ions from spent battery active material leachate (first flow-electrode module) and recovers them through electrical repulsion (second flow-electrode module).
Conventional lithium recovery methods for spent batteries, such as pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes, have technical limitations, including high energy consumption due to high-temperature treatment, environmental pollution from the use of large amounts of chemicals, and complex post-processing steps.
By utilizing a multi-stage flow-electrode module equipped with flow electrodes containing manganese oxide adsorbents and ion-exchange membranes (cation/anion/bipolar), this technology provides a practical solution for next-generation resource circulation and recycling. It functions as a continuous electrochemical device that selectively extracts and recovers lithium ions and recycles sulfate ions using only electrical attraction and repulsion, without the need for high-temperature processes.
This technology improves interfacial contact by using a composite anode layer consisting of a specific mixture of lithium powder, solid electrolyte (ion-conductive ceramic + conductive polymer containing lithium salt), and a conductor, instead of lithium foil.
Conventional lithium foil-based anodes suffer from poor contact with solid electrolytes and limited control over foil thickness (difficult to control below 100μm), leading to low cell energy density. Furthermore, they face issues with battery lifespan and safety due to dendrite growth and increased interfacial resistance during charging and discharging.
This technology utilizes a slurry composed of lithium powder (10–40㎛), ion-conductive ceramic, a conductive polymer containing lithium salt, and a conductor in a specific mixing ratio (40:40:10:10 to 40:20:20:20). By applying this slurry onto an anode current collector using a casting method, it achieves three-dimensional interfacial contact and allows for easy control of electrode thickness, thereby enhancing competitiveness in the secondary battery anode material sector.
This technology utilizes a folded-fin flow plate to create a counter-flow structure where coolant flows in one direction along the first set of channels, passes through a return plenum, and then flows in the opposite direction along the second set of channels, ensuring uniform temperature distribution across the entire cooling plate.
Conventional serpentine channel or roll-bond methods suffer from temperature gradients that increase along the flow path, leading to non-uniform temperatures that reduce battery cell efficiency and overall thermal management performance.
By incorporating first and second channels alternately formed in a transverse direction on both sides of the flow plate, upper and lower cases for sealing, and inlet/outlet plenums with partition plates, this technology provides a practical solution for developing next-generation battery thermal management and safety systems.
This technology realizes a 3D-structured anode current collector that achieves both mechanical flexibility and electrochemical stability. It secures electrical conductivity by introducing a multi-layered carbon nanotube (CNT) assembly and metal nanoparticles onto the surface of an insulating fabric substrate, followed by the formation of a copper layer via electroplating.
Conventional non-porous metal foil current collectors suffer from low mechanical flexibility and poor rate performance, while existing conductive fabric current collectors are limited by low electrical conductivity, high contact resistance, and insufficient interfacial bonding, which hinder long-term stability and electrochemical performance.
This technology functionalizes a fabric substrate through layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly and hydrogen bonding of carbon nanotubes and metal nanoparticles. By subsequently electroplating copper at 100–500 mA/cm² to form a uniform metal layer, it provides a practical solution for enhancing the commercial competitiveness of secondary battery anode materials.
This technology secures the electrochemical stability and structural integrity of lithium-sulfur batteries by applying a block copolymer binder to the sulfur electrode, which covalently links a polyethylene oxide (PEO) block with excellent lithium-ion transport capabilities to a polyvinylcatechol (P4VC) block with superior polysulfide capture ability and mechanical strength.
Existing challenges included the polysulfide shuttle effect during lithium-sulfur battery operation, slow rate capability due to the insulating nature of sulfur, and electrode structural collapse and reduced lifespan caused by rapid volume changes of active materials during charge and discharge cycles.
By using the covalently bonded PEO-b-P4VC block copolymer as a binder, this technology enhances the mechanical elasticity of the electrode and improves lithium-ion conductivity through intermolecular hydrogen bonding, effectively contributing to the commercial competitiveness of lithium-sulfur batteries.
This technology maximizes the reversibility of oxygen redox reactions during initial charge and discharge cycles by forming lithium vacancies within the crystal structure of lithium-rich metal oxides and performing heat treatment at a specific temperature to induce the diffusion and redistribution of transition metals (M, M').
Lithium-rich cathode materials have historically suffered from irreversible oxygen gas evolution and structural collapse in the 4.4–4.6V range during initial charging, leading to lower actual reversible capacity compared to their high theoretical capacity and poor cycle stability.
By chemically or electrochemically delithiating 10–30 mol% of the total lithium content to create lithium vacancies while maintaining structural integrity, followed by heat treatment at 50–300°C for 6–24 hours to enhance activity, this process can be used to reliably secure the properties required for lithium-ion battery cathode materials.
