This technology synthesizes orthorhombic V4O9 with a Cmcm space group and specific lattice parameters for use as a lithium secondary battery cathode active material, enhancing electrochemical performance by controlling the particle size of the V2O5 precursor.
Conventional V4O9 vanadium oxide has primarily been studied in thin-film form, making it difficult to accurately evaluate its capacity and performance as a bulk material. Furthermore, there was a need to improve energy density and power characteristics compared to commercial LiCoO2 cathode materials.
This technology involves reacting oxalic acid with V2O5 to control the precursor particle size, mixing it with sulfur (S) as a reducing agent, and performing heat treatment at 350–450°C in a vacuum-sealed environment to synthesize orthorhombic V4O9 with lattice constants of a=8.50–12.5Å, b=7.10–9.3Å, and c=14.5–18.6Å. Applicable to lithium secondary battery cathodes aiming to reduce cobalt usage and the development of vanadium-based alternative cathode materials, it enables the production of powder-type cathode materials with reversible charge/discharge capacity while reducing dependence on rare metals.
This technology introduces a thin-film surface modification layer composed of catecholamine-based polymers or conductive metal oxides onto the interior and surface of a porous polyolefin film, maximizing wettability and interfacial adhesion with the inorganic solid electrolyte filling the pores.
Conventional porous polymer films have smooth surfaces and low wettability, which prevents inorganic solid electrolytes from adhering properly. This leads to limitations such as interfacial delamination and structural collapse under harsh conditions like high temperatures.
This technology involves forming a coating layer of catecholamine-based polymers, such as polydopamine, or conductive metal oxides, such as Al2O3, with a thickness of 1,000 nm or less on the pores and surface of a polyolefin film, followed by the application and compression of an LPSCl-based sulfide solid electrolyte to produce a hybrid membrane. It can be applied to large-area thin-film electrolytes for sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries and roll-to-roll mass production of all-solid-state cells, ensuring a robust membrane structure that remains free of delamination in high-temperature environments while maintaining a thin electrolyte layer.
This technology utilizes spinel-structured cobalt-based ternary oxide (XCo2O4) nanoparticles, engineered to have optimal binding energy for lithium polysulfides (LiPS) generated during the discharge of lithium-sulfur batteries, to induce 3D growth of lithium sulfide (Li2S) and maximize sulfur utilization.
In lithium-sulfur batteries, LiPS dissolves into the electrolyte during charge/discharge cycles, causing a shuttle effect, while the Li2S formed during discharge covers the substrate in a 2D layer, passivating the electrode. This hinders continuous sulfur conversion, leading to reduced battery capacity and cycle life.
This technology involves coating a carbon-based host, such as carbon nanotubes, with spinel-type XCo2O4 nanoparticles—specifically MnCo2O4, where Mn, Zn, Ni, or Cu is substituted into the tetrahedral sites of the cobalt oxide—to provide an optimal binding energy of 4–8 eV with LiPS. Applicable to high-sulfur-loading cathodes, high-power lithium-sulfur cells, and next-generation electric vehicle and aerospace batteries, it ensures discharge capacity and cycle stability even under high current and high sulfur content conditions.
This technology utilizes the synergy between metal oxides that weakly adsorb lithium polysulfides (LiPS), such as nickel oxide (NiO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), and electrolytes with high donor numbers to induce the growth of Li2S into 3D microparticles, preventing uneven passivation of the electrode surface.
In lithium-sulfur batteries, the shuttle effect occurs because LiPS easily dissolves into the electrolyte during charge/discharge cycles, and intermediate products have poor electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the discharge product, Li2S, accumulates as a 2D film, electrically insulating the electrode surface and significantly limiting sulfur utilization.
This technology incorporates NiO or MgO, which have a LiPS adsorption energy of less than 3.5 eV, into the cathode, and uses an electrolyte containing a first lithium salt, such as LiNO3, with a donor number of 15 kcal/mol or higher at a concentration of 0.5–1.8 M. It can be applied to the design of electrolytes and cathodes for high-capacity cells for EVs and ESS, as well as lightweight batteries for aviation and mobility, maximizing current transfer efficiency and sulfur utilization.
This technology introduces the Water-Assisted Solid-State Reaction (WASSR) method to synthesize Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O, a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). By using a small amount of water to facilitate diffusion between reactants, it enables the production of single-phase materials at temperatures below 100°C, replacing conventional high-temperature, high-pressure hydrothermal synthesis.
While hydrothermal synthesis is effective for controlling nanostructures in high-performance vanadium oxide cathodes, it requires high-temperature and high-pressure processes. This creates significant challenges for mass production and limits economic viability.
This technology involves mixing Zn(OH)2 and V2O5, adding a small amount of distilled water, and utilizing the vapor pressure within a sealed container to react the mixture at a low temperature of 75–85°C. It allows for the production of over 1g of high-purity, single-phase material in a single synthesis step without additional high-temperature heat treatment. Applicable to large-capacity aqueous zinc-ion ESS cathodes and non-flammable battery production lines, it reduces cathode material production costs by eliminating the need for pressure vessel equipment.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Science and ICT for research on the structure-property correlation of zinc-ion conductors, combining powder diffraction-based crystal structure analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy-based time constant analysis.
This technology is a process for separating and recovering valuable metals by dissolving molten-reduced waste battery alloys in an acidic leachate, followed by copper displacement using iron powder, multi-stage solvent extraction of Fe(III), selective oxidative precipitation of manganese and cobalt, and oxalate precipitation of nickel.
Some extractants used in conventional hydrometallurgical processes have limited utility due to low metal selectivity and environmental toxicity. Furthermore, they face limitations such as poor separation efficiency between metal ions and the formation of fine precipitates, which complicates the filtration process.
This technology involves adding a NaClO oxidizing agent to the filtrate after Fe(III) removal to sequentially precipitate Mn(II) as MnO2 and Co(II) as Co2O3, and finally reacting Ni(II) with oxalate to precipitate it as NiC2O4. Applicable to hybrid dry-wet battery recycling plants and nickel-cobalt precursor material regeneration, it enables the sequential acquisition of high-purity metal intermediates while reducing the use of hazardous extractants.
This invention was developed with support from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy for the development of commercial-scale high-temperature reduction melting and concentration/separation technology for recovering valuable metals from medium-to-large waste lithium-ion batteries (2,000 tons/year).
This technology utilizes a history recording device equipped with sensors inside a shared battery to collect electrical and mechanical status data over time. A platform server analyzes this data to provide differential pricing based on the battery's state of health and management services based on incident history.
Existing Battery Management Systems (BMS) have primarily focused on monitoring electrical characteristics. Consequently, it has been difficult to accurately track the usage environment—such as impact, temperature, and humidity—and incident history of shared batteries, creating limitations in guaranteeing service quality or determining liability.
This technology counts the number of times data collected from IMU, pressure, and temperature sensors exceeds threshold values to generate status information, which the platform server then uses to calculate the battery's State of Health (SOH). Rental fees are adjusted based on the calculated SOH, additional costs are applied for abnormal usage, and management functions are performed, such as transferring ownership to the user if damage is excessive. Applicable to battery rentals for electric scooters and bicycles, battery swapping stations, and portable power bank sharing services, this system resolves cost disputes arising from user negligence through data and increases the recovery rate of shared assets.
This technology is a method for manufacturing gel-type polymer electrolytes that maximizes lithium-ion mobility by reducing the crystallinity of the polymer. It induces intermolecular and intramolecular crosslinking of polyethylene glycol (PEG) through exposure to radiation, such as gamma or electron beams, without the need for separate crosslinking agents.
High-molecular-weight polyethylene oxide (PEO), commonly used in existing polymer electrolytes, has high crystallinity, which restricts the segmental motion of lithium ions and results in low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Conversely, low-molecular-weight PEO faces physical instability issues, as it tends to liquefy when combined with lithium salts.
This technology involves dissolving PEG in a solvent and exposing it to radiation to form chemical crosslinks, which suppresses crystallinity. By doping the material with lithium salts, it achieves a gel electrolyte that possesses both high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength at room temperature. This electrolyte can be applied to all-solid-state batteries, lithium secondary batteries, and thin-film polymer electrolytes, supporting the design of leak-proof solid-state cells through a clean process that leaves no crosslinking agent residues.
This technology forms a plate-like porous silica (pOMS) layer with cylindrical mesopores on the current collector. During battery operation, lithium ions pass through these pores and are deposited uniformly between the silica layer and the current collector, physically suppressing dendrite growth.
Lithium metal anodes have historically suffered from uneven lithium deposition, leading to dendrite growth, excessive electrolyte consumption, and reduced coulombic efficiency. These issues have compromised battery safety and limited cycle life.
This technology utilizes an insulating silica layer made of hexagonal plate-like porous silica with cylindrical mesopores (2–50 nm in diameter), ensuring that lithium passes through these pores to deposit densely at the current collector interface. Applicable to next-generation lithium metal batteries, anode-free cells, and high-energy power sources for drones and UAMs, it extends the cycle life of lithium metal anodes while minimizing energy density loss by eliminating the need for thick protective layers.
This technology utilizes low-polarization reference electrodes, such as LTO or LFP, to enhance potential measurement accuracy. By incorporating a fourth electrode made of lithium metal in a cross-shaped four-electrode configuration, it enables in-situ pre-lithiation of the reference electrode within the system without the need for cell disassembly.
Conventional three-electrode systems suffer from reduced measurement accuracy due to the use of lithium metal, which has a high polarization rate, as the reference electrode. Utilizing more accurate LTO or LFP reference electrodes typically requires separate external pre-lithiation followed by cell reassembly, which is cumbersome and time-consuming.
This technology features a cross-shaped arrangement on the four sides of an external housing, with two measurement electrodes and two reference electrodes facing each other. By bringing the low-polarization first reference electrode into close contact with the lithium metal second reference electrode, pre-lithiation is performed using a charge/discharge device before switching to the measurement electrodes for potential monitoring. This approach is ideal for battery material research, including potential analysis by electrode, diagnosis of performance variations between cells, and isolated evaluation of cathode and anode degradation. It allows for reliable tracking of individual cathode and anode potentials without the contamination or variability introduced during reassembly.
This technology involves mixing amorphous silicon nitride (Si3N4-x) powder with a reducing agent, such as magnesium, and applying heat treatment to partially remove nitrogen. This process creates a porous silicon nitride composite in which crystalline silicon is embedded within an amorphous silicon nitride matrix.
Pure silicon anodes suffer from excessive volume expansion during charge and discharge cycles, leading to cracking, structural failure, weakened interfacial contact, and electrolyte depletion, all of which shorten battery life. Furthermore, conventional methods for producing silicon nitride, such as CVD, are limited by complex process conditions and high manufacturing costs.
This technology involves mixing amorphous silicon nitride powder and a reducing agent powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.2 to 2, followed by heat treatment at a temperature above the melting point of the reducing agent to generate crystalline silicon. Reaction byproducts such as Mg3N2 are then removed via etching to form a porous structure with 2–20 nm pores. The amorphous phase absorbs volume expansion, while the crystalline phase provides high capacity and rate capability. Applicable to high-energy lithium secondary battery anodes for electric vehicles and mass production lines for silicon-carbon composite anode materials, this technology enables the low-cost supply of long-life silicon-based anodes without the need for expensive vapor deposition equipment.
This technology enhances the sulfur conversion performance of lithium-sulfur batteries by coating carbonaceous particles with metal oxide, introducing metal cations, and performing heat treatment to create a coexisting amorphous and crystalline phase ratio of 40:60 to 60:40 within the metal oxide.
In lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium sulfide (Li2S) tends to accumulate excessively as a 2D film on the electrode surface during charge/discharge cycles, creating a passivation effect. This limits current efficiency and prevents full utilization of sulfur's high theoretical capacity.
This technology controls catalytic performance by mixing amorphous and crystalline phases of metal oxide in a specific ratio, inducing Li2S to grow as 3D particles rather than a film, which facilitates its dissolution during charging. It can be applied to cathode materials for next-gen high-energy-density batteries, lightweight power sources for drones/UAM, and long-life energy storage cells to improve both discharge capacity and cycle life.
This technology utilizes water-soluble polymers (e.g., PEI) to selectively form complexes with valuable metals, followed by sequential diafiltration and nanofiltration to separate and concentrate these metals from impurity ions.
Wastewater generated from processes such as secondary battery cathode manufacturing contains high concentrations of impurity metal ions like sodium and lithium, which limits the separation efficiency of valuable metals like nickel and cobalt when using conventional solvent extraction, adsorption, or nanofiltration techniques. Furthermore, high ion concentrations lead to increased osmotic pressure, making stable operation of membrane processes difficult.
This technology consists of a five-stage process: macromolecularizing valuable metals into polymer-ion complexes, filtering out impurity ions via ultrafiltration, dissociating the complexes by adding acid, recovering the valuable metals through diafiltration, and finally concentrating them to high levels using nanofiltration. It can be applied to cathode manufacturing wastewater treatment, wet recycling of spent batteries, and metal resource recovery from plating and smelting waste, enabling the high-purity recovery of discarded nickel and cobalt while reducing raw material procurement costs.
This technology relates to a catalytic electrode for carbon dioxide reduction that secures an interface between a metal layer and a base material by forming a patterned metal layer on the surface of the base material.
Existing carbon dioxide reduction catalytic electrodes have had limitations in achieving high efficiency for converting carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide due to a lack of reactive active sites.
By increasing the number of active sites through expanded interfaces created by the patterned metal layer, this technology can be applied to carbon dioxide conversion processes to improve carbon monoxide reduction efficiency.
This technology involves forming a bismuth metal layer on a copper substrate and immersing it in a carbon dioxide and bicarbonate electrolyte to create petal-shaped bismuth subcarbonate.
Existing carbon dioxide reduction catalysts have faced limitations in manufacturing efficiency and catalytic performance, as it is difficult to uniformly form active nanostructures without applying external electricity.
By using an immersion process to form petal-shaped nanostructures, this technology can be applied to carbon dioxide conversion processes to enhance both catalytic performance and manufacturing efficiency.
